Session 5: The Unfortunate Truth

In his article, Politics Among Nations, Morgenthau sets out to define the concept of realism when it comes to the shaping Foreign policy between states. He outlines six distinct rules that shape political realism. These rules highlight, what Morgenthau considers fact, that the term “interest” can have two different meanings. One, when considering individuals alone, interests orbit around personal preferences and the actuality of individuals themselves and second, that when discussed under the concept of states and their policies, interests without exceptions are oriented to gain power.

Viewing Morgenthau’s concept of interests in the context of contemporary states it is difficult to disagree with the rules he set out in his article. It is imperative to note that Morgenthau was writing at a time when the world had already witnessed two massive wars which were sparked by the thirst of power by some states and ended up engulfing all those who shared the same lust for domination. Therefore, at the time, Morgenthau observed to what extent states or their leaders will go to protect and develop their primary interest, power.

From my perspective this is in fact the sickening truth. No matter how much effort is put into avoiding conflict, a confrontation between individuals or states is inevitable because the lust for power and control is a fundamental part of human nature. According to Morgenthau’s realist approach the origins of all the policies in foreign relations are based upon the individuals who govern the states, however, the policies decided upon by them may or may not be a part of their personal goals but in fact the need of the hour. Hence the moral values universally recognized might not play a role when it comes to states or their leaders locking horns over issues.

In the end I would like to highlight that it is in fact human nature that is the root of all the troubles that befall mankind as a whole. It is unfortunate that we have to define our reality through misery, suffering and conflicts.